The Costa Rica Dome - A Nursery For the World's Largest Animal

Blue Whales are the world's largest baleen whale, theThe Costa Rica Dome offers more than just food for
world's largest mammal, the world's largest animal, thethese giants of the ocean. The tropical water acts like
world's largest predator and experts believe largestan aquatic crib for many of the young of other
living creature to ever breathe on our planet. Scientistsspecies of fish. In such an environment the combination
and oceanographers are constantly carrying outof comfort and an abundant food supply lends itself to
research on them in attempt to assist in the survival ofbeing a good nursery for whales.
this magnificent creature.It takes weeks for the Blue Whales to reach the
There are nine distinct Blue Whale populations in theCosta Rica Dome after leaving California waters.
world. The Eastern North Pacific Blue Whale populationPregnant females arrive at the end of their last
estimated at a little over 2000 represents the largesttrimester. After seven months the foetus of the Blue
remaining Blue Whale population on earth. They can beWhale is four metres long. Over the next few months
seen off the coast of California and they migrate fromthe baby blue will grow two and a half centimeters
north to south and back again every year. Until recenteach day.
times one of the greatest mysteries of the sea wasExperts on Blue Whales suggest that these babies are
where are these type of baleen whales born? Theborn sometime in January. A birth of a Baby Blue must
best way to protect them is to discover where theyhappen very quickly just below the surface of the
breed and learn what they will encounter during theirocean. A new born whale would emerge back end
migration.first. Fast clotting of the whales blood inhibits bleeding
In California, Blue Whales are often seen in pairs.as that would attract predators. Whales are mammals.
Scientists attach tags to lead animals as they areThey are warm-blooded, have lungs rather than gills
suspected as females and they can track them duringand they breathe air. A baby must be able to swim to
the winter migration south. These satellite tags leadthe surface just moments after birth.
researchers to the places where they give birthBlue Whale infants are the largest babies in the history
somewhere in the tropics. One such place of choiceof life on earth. They nurse for about seven months
for the Eastern North Pacific Blue Whale is the Costanourishing its young with milk until they double in size.
Rica Dome.Their milk is very rich and is about forty percent fat.
The Costa Rica Dome is a phenomenon of wind andThe calves drink nearly two hundred litres of milk and
currents. It is a thousand square kilometres of openeach gain over one hundred kilograms every day.
ocean where cold water from the deep rises to justThe time comes for the migration north and the
below the warm tropical surface. Wind and currentsmother will take her baby to the krill beds. The mother
push the warm water aside to allow for the rising ofswims underneath allowing the baby to rest close to
the nutrient rich cold water. The boundary betweenthe surface. Blue Whales struggle to become adults
these temperatures represent the shape of a dome.and need ten years to reach full maturity.
Its position changes from year to year and isDuring their migration north, they will swim from
constantly moving. The combination of warm and coldtranquility into peril. Some of the higher density areas
water makes the perfect habitat for these magnificentthat Blue Whales use and return through every
whales.summer to feed are intersecting with areas of
Cold water is often rich with nutrients with planktonincreasing shipping traffic. This is the recipe for disaster
and krill which makes up nearly all of the diet of thefor the whales. Ships strikes pose the biggest threats
Blue Whale. It takes around one metric tonne of krill toto the baby Blue Whales and the research from
fill a blue whales stomach and they can devour threededicated scientists offers the best hope for new
and a half tonnes of these small shrimp-likeshipping paths that will give whales the space they
crustaceans every day.need.