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| | | | Sea Sponges |
| Sea Sponges | | | | Generally people know that natural sponges are used |
| Generally people know that natural sponges are used | | | | for exfoliating and massaging your skin. They are soft, |
| for exfoliating and massaging your skin. They are soft, | | | | highly absorbent, and create luxurious lather. But how |
| highly absorbent, and create luxurious lather. But how | | | | many people know that these sponges are the |
| many people know that these sponges are the | | | | skeleton of a once living sea creature? |
| skeleton of a once living sea creature? | | | | Sea sponges are colorful, simple-celled, bottom-dwelling |
| Sea sponges are colorful, simple-celled, bottom-dwelling | | | | animals found in all the oceans of the world. Scientific |
| animals found in all the oceans of the world. Scientific | | | | name for sea sponges is "Porifera" meaning |
| name for sea sponges is "Porifera" meaning | | | | pore-bearing referring to the many pores or holes |
| pore-bearing referring to the many pores or holes | | | | visible on all sponges. Scientific research has proved |
| visible on all sponges. Scientific research has proved | | | | that sea sponges, even though they look like plants, |
| that sea sponges, even though they look like plants, | | | | are actually simple multi-cellular animals without any |
| are actually simple multi-cellular animals without any | | | | muscles, nerves, or sensory organs. They are food |
| muscles, nerves, or sensory organs. They are food | | | | sources for creatures such as sea turtles and are |
| sources for creatures such as sea turtles and are | | | | used for cosmetic purposes by humans. |
| used for cosmetic purposes by humans. | | | | |
| Types of Sea Sponges | | | | |
| Sea sponges come in many different shapes, sizes | | | | Types of Sea Sponges |
| and color. Some look like thin tree branches, some like | | | | Sea sponges come in many different shapes, sizes |
| vases and some even resemble common flowers. | | | | and color. Some look like thin tree branches, some like |
| Typically, they are small but some can grow as wide | | | | vases and some even resemble common flowers. |
| as 6 feet. Encrusting sea sponges are like moss; they | | | | Typically, they are small but some can grow as wide |
| will cover the surface to which they are attached. | | | | as 6 feet. Encrusting sea sponges are like moss; they |
| Freestanding sponges have odd shapes and have | | | | will cover the surface to which they are attached. |
| more volume. Some of the kinds are: tube sponge, | | | | Freestanding sponges have odd shapes and have |
| vase sponge, yellow sponge, red tree sponge, barrel | | | | more volume. Some of the kinds are: tube sponge, |
| sponge, etc. | | | | vase sponge, yellow sponge, red tree sponge, barrel |
| | | | | sponge, etc. |
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| Sea Sponges Habitat | | | | |
| Thousands of species of sea sponges could be found | | | | Sea Sponges Habitat |
| in all oceans. Different classes of sponges live in | | | | Thousands of species of sea sponges could be found |
| different habitats. Most of them live in salt water. | | | | in all oceans. Different classes of sponges live in |
| Sponges live on the sand at the bottom of the sea, or | | | | different habitats. Most of them live in salt water. |
| they attach themselves to rocks. They can manage to | | | | Sponges live on the sand at the bottom of the sea, or |
| survive from tidal shores all the way down to depths | | | | they attach themselves to rocks. They can manage to |
| of 9000 meters. They can be found everywhere, from | | | | survive from tidal shores all the way down to depths |
| the polar region to the tropics. They generally live in | | | | of 9000 meters. They can be found everywhere, from |
| quiet and clear waters because sediments stirred by | | | | the polar region to the tropics. They generally live in |
| waves or tides could block the pores of the sponge | | | | quiet and clear waters because sediments stirred by |
| making it difficult for them to breathe and eat. | | | | waves or tides could block the pores of the sponge |
| | | | | making it difficult for them to breathe and eat. |
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| Sea Sponges Food | | | | |
| Sea sponges attach itself to something solid and try to | | | | Sea Sponges Food |
| gather as much food as possible from the surrounding | | | | Sea sponges attach itself to something solid and try to |
| waters. They are filter feeders and would capture and | | | | gather as much food as possible from the surrounding |
| ingest the food particles carried by the water. | | | | waters. They are filter feeders and would capture and |
| Sponges capture bacteria, plankton and other organic | | | | ingest the food particles carried by the water. |
| particles that float in the water. Their collar cells (sticky | | | | Sponges capture bacteria, plankton and other organic |
| cells that exist within the inner "canals" of the sponge) | | | | particles that float in the water. Their collar cells (sticky |
| capture the food particles and the transporter cells | | | | cells that exist within the inner "canals" of the sponge) |
| called amebocytes carry the food to other cells inside | | | | capture the food particles and the transporter cells |
| the body of the sponges. | | | | called amebocytes carry the food to other cells inside |
| | | | | the body of the sponges. |
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| Sea Sponges Reproduction | | | | |
| Sponges reproduce by budding. They grow a new | | | | Sea Sponges Reproduction |
| sponge on them, and once its big enough it falls off. | | | | Sponges reproduce by budding. They grow a new |
| This is an asexual form of reproduction. They can | | | | sponge on them, and once its big enough it falls off. |
| regenerate from the tiniest fragment of the original | | | | This is an asexual form of reproduction. They can |
| sponge. Most sponges are hermaphrodites. They can | | | | regenerate from the tiniest fragment of the original |
| display both male and female characteristics as | | | | sponge. Most sponges are hermaphrodites. They can |
| required. New-born sponges look like planktons. After | | | | display both male and female characteristics as |
| free-floating for a few days, they attach themselves | | | | required. New-born sponges look like planktons. After |
| to something hard and then grow. They have a life | | | | free-floating for a few days, they attach themselves |
| span of few months to many years. | | | | to something hard and then grow. They have a life |
| Sea sponges are renewable. Thus, supply of sea | | | | span of few months to many years. |
| sponges would always be ample, atleast till the oceans | | | | Sea sponges are renewable. Thus, supply of sea |
| are not too polluted for them. | | | | sponges would always be ample, atleast till the oceans |
| | | | | are not too polluted for them. |