Civil Litigation - Jury Versus Bench Trials

The civil court system is based on the rule of law. Theare then asked to award monetary damages.
application of that rule of law to individual cases can beThere is a second approach that often happens in civil
done in one of two ways, through a bench trial ortrials. It is called a bench trial. As the name suggests,
through a jury trial. In this article, we take a look at both.the evidence is heard by a judge instead of a jury. In
You have the right to a trial before your peers. This ismost states, this only occurs when both parties
a statement we all learn in civics class and hold dearvoluntarily agree to have the matter handled in this
to our heart. It is also absolutely true in a criminal case.way. Why would they forgo a jury? There are
Why? Because a criminal case involves the statenumerous reasons. The most common is the case
trying to take away your liberty, i.e., put you in jail. Ah,involves some complex issue that will be very difficult
but what about civil lawsuits where the government isto explain to a jury much less convince them of who
not prosecuting the case? Well, things get a bit murkier.should prevail. A case about whether the exemption
A civil court case can be decided in one of two ways.language in a liability insurance policy was sufficiently
The first is the classic jury trial. In such a case, theone-sides as to be considered an adhesion contract
plaintiff is the suing party. The plaintiff tries to prove theand void might be one such situation.
elements of some cause of action against theSo, which should you select if you are involved in a
defendant. The defendant then tries to refute one orlawsuit? There is no "right" answer. Every situation is
more elements of the plaintiff's case. Thedifferent, so speak with your lawyer to ascertain the
determination of which party is correct is heard by abest choice in your case.
jury. If they decide in favor of the plaintiff, they usually